Attempt the following
1) Explain the characteristics of Entrepreneurship Development?
Solution:
Meaning:
Entreprenuership is a purposeful activity of an individual or a group of associated individuals, undertaken to initiate, maintain and aggrandize profit by production and distribution of economic goods and services.
Characteristics of Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship is a process of setting up a new business organization. It is the process where one decides to build a business career by finding the market options and mobilizing the available resources. The following are the characteristics of entrepreneurship.
1) Innovation-
Entrepreneurship is an innovation. The introduction of new combination of various factors of productions is innovation. A new product arrives in the market, uses new production technology, discovers new source of supply of raw materials and opens a new market for the specific product. In view of changing taste of consumers from time to time, entrepreneurship focuses on the research and development to produce goods to satisfy the customers.
2) Economic activity-
An entrepreneur produces a new product for the customers as per their needs. He feels the need of this to satisfy human wants and as well in exchange earn a better livelihood. It is a systematically planned activity as per the skills and knowledge of entrepreneur. Hence entrepreneurship is an economic activity.
3) Organization Building-
It is an activity where various factors of production have to be organized. Place utility, time utility, form utility etc. has to be considered to collect them under one roof for new production.
4) Creative activity-
Innovation should have a strong support of creativity. Introducing creativity in producing something new is a big challenge for the entrepreneur. Thus creativity is an essential part of entrepreneurship.
5) Managerial skill and leadership-
A person who wants to be a successful entrepreneur should have more passion of doing something new than just earning profit. Leadership and managerial skills are the most important facets of entrepreneurship. Other skills can be considered secondary. An entrepreneur must have the ability to lead and manage.
6) Skillful management-
The success of any entrepreneurship depends on the management of the organization. With professional management and skilled managers, entrepreneurship becomes successful activity.
7) Risk Bearing-
Uncertainty is defined as a risk which cannot be insured against and is incalculable. Entrepreneur is an agent who buys factors of production at certain prices, in order to combine them into a product, to sell them at uncertain prices in future. Thus they too are risk-bearing agents in production.
8) Gap filling function-
The most significant feature of entrepreneurship is gap filling. It is the entrepreneur’s job to fill the gap or make up the deficiencies which always exist in the knowledge about the production function.
2) What is Enterpreneurship Development Program ?
Solution:
ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES (EDP)
An entrepreneurship development program has been defined as ‘a program designed to help a person in strengthening his entrepreneurial motive and in acquiring skills and capabilities necessary for playing his entrepreneurial role efficiently’.
EDP is a device through which people with latent entrepreneurial traits are identified, motivated to take up new industrial ventures, trained in managing the unit, and guided in all aspects of starting a venture/an enterprise.
EDP was first introduced in Gujarat in 1970 and was sponsored by the Gujarat Industrial Investment Corporation. The EDP’s are based on McClelland’s experiments in the Kakinada District of Andhra Pradesh where businessmen were provided with motivation and training.
The EDP includes the following steps:
1) Arrangement of Infrastructure.
2) Selection of potential entrepreneurs.
3) Identification of enterprise.
4) Actual training program
5) Selection of training personnel.
6) Selection of method of training.
7) Actual training.
8) Monitoring and follow-up.
Objectives of EDP:
The following objectives of EDP are identified.
1) To foster entrepreneurial growth in the country.
2) Optimum use of available resources.
3) Development of backward regions and improving the economic status of socially disadvantaged groups.
4) Generation of employment opportunities.
5) The widening base for small and medium scale industries.