Justify the following statement.

1) Planning is the first function of Management.
Solution
(1) Planning is the basic function of management. Every function of management is based on planning. Planning is an intellectual process of logical thinking and rational decision making.
(2) Designing i.e. doing a proper planning and implementing it accordingly is the key of achieving the objectives of organisation.
(3) Planning means deciding in advance what to do, when to do, how to do, where to do and who is to do it. Thus, it is a detailed programme of future course of action.
(4) Planning involves setting objectives, identifying alternative courses of action and selecting the best plan. It focuses on organisation’s objective and develop various course of action to achieve those goals.

2) Controlling is the last function of management.
Solution: 
(1) It is important for an organization to keep a check on whether things are moving as per plan or not. So controlling function comes as the last but indispensable function of management. The effectiveness of planning can be determined with the function of controlling.
(2) The controlling function helps in comparing the actual performance with the pre-determined standard and performance. It is the process of bringing about conformity of performance with planned action.
(3) The controlling function helps in measuring deviation, if any, identifies the course of deviation and suggest corrective measures. The process of controlling helps in the formulation of future plans also.
(4) Controlling helps in checking and measuring performance at all levels of management, as it compares and finds deviation, analyses the causes of deviation, and suggests corrective measures. All planning may fail in the absence of proper controlling measures.

3) Organizing facilitates administration as well as the operation of the Organization.
Solution: 
(1) Organizing function is also called as doing function’ i.e. putting the plan into action. Administration and operation both are doing function as organizing is the process of putting together various resources and activities of the organization into a system.
(2) Organizing involves identifying the activities and grouping of relative activities of the administration and operational department.
(3) The organizing function defines, departmentalized, and assigns activities so that they can be most effectively executed for the smooth flow of administration.
(4) Due to the proper grouping of the tasks and the employees, there is an increase in production and reduction in wastage. The duplication of work can be avoided and effective delegation becomes possible.

4) The right person at the right job with the right pay is the basic principle of staffing.
Solution: 
(1) The main function of staffing is to select the right person for the right job with the right pay. Selecting the right person for the right job brings efficiency and specialization in the organization.
(2) It also brings job satisfaction as adequate remuneration increase the morale of the employees. Training and development programs and job security are the factors that are important in providing job satisfaction.
(3) Proper selection of a qualified, efficient, and skillful workforce is always an asset of the organization. Proper selection of employees contributes to the higher efficiency and leads to long term positive effects in the organization.
(4) With a proper selection process, the right persons for the right jobs are placed and regularly appraised on a merit basis. The criteria of appraisal are duly communicated which brings peace and harmony in the organization.

5) Co-ordination between different functions and all levels of Management is the essence of organizational success.
Solution: 
(1) Co-ordination is an integration of different activities which is essential for their smooth flow. It establishes harmony among all the activities of an organization in achieving desired goals. Co-ordination will not exist unless efforts are taken at all levels of management.
(2) Coordination is the synchronization of the efforts of a group so as to provide unity of action for organizational goals. It is a hidden force that binds all other functions at all levels of management.
(3) In an organization, a number of persons are working together to achieve a common goal. Their work is closely linked with each other. The coordination function brings all the group efforts together and harmonize them carefully.
(4) Co-ordination is an orderly arrangement of group efforts to provide unity of action to achieve common goals. Co-operation, teamwork and higher efficiency level lead to the attainment of goals and thus, it is the essence of organizational success.