Distinguish between
1) Top level management and middle level management.
Ans:-
Sr. No. | Point of difference | Top Level | Middle Level |
1) | Meaning | Top level refers to top position in the organization such as Board of directors, CEO, President etc. | Middle level refers to middle positions in the organization such as Departmental head or functional managers such as Finance manager, Production manager etc. |
2) | Nature of Work | It is concerned with framing plans and policies of the organization. | It is concerned with implementation of policies framed by Top Level Management with the help of Lower Level staff. |
3) | Skills | Top Level requires conceptual or decision making skills than technical skills. | Itrequires combination of conceptual and technical skills. |
4) | Promotion Policy | At top Level, promotion is given on merit. | At this level, promotion is based on merit as well as seniority basis |
5) | Time Frame | Top Level considers longer period of time i.e. 5 to 20 years. | It considers medium term i.e. 1 to 5 years |
6) | Responsibility | Top Level is responsible to Shareholders, Government and Society. | It is responsible to To Level Management |
7) | Flow of orders | Orders and instructions are passed to Middle Level. | Orders and instruction are passed to Lower Level and report of the work is submitted to Top Level. |
2) Middle level management and lower level management.
Ans:-
Sr. No. | Point of difference | Middle Level | Lower Level |
1) | Meaning | Middle level refers to middle positions in the organization such as Departmental head or functional managers such as Finance manager, Production manager etc. | Lower level refers to lower positions in the organization such as supervisors, foremen. |
2) | Nature of Work | It is concerned with implementation of policies framed by Top Level Management with the help of Lower Level staff. | It is concerned with actual execution of planning. |
3) | Skills | Itrequires combination of conceptual and technical skills. | Lower Level requires more technical skills than other skills. |
4) | Promotion Policy | At this level, promotion is based on merit as well as seniority basis | At this level, for promotion seniority ispreferred. |
5) | Time Frame | It considers medium term i.e. 1 to 5 years | It considers very shorter term i.e. up to 1 year. |
6) | Responsibility | It is responsible to To Level Management | It is responsible to Middle and Top Level Management |
7) | Flow of orders | Orders and instruction are passed to Lower Level and report of the work is submitted to Top Level. | Implementation is done as per the orders and reports are submitted to Middle Level. |
3) Top level management and lower level management.
Ans:-
Sr. No. | Point of difference | Top Level | Lower Level |
1) | Meaning | Top level refers to top position in the organization such as Board of directors, CEO, President etc. | Lower level refers to lower positions in the organization such as supervisors, foremen. |
2) | Nature of Work | It is concerned with framing plans and policies of the organization. | It is concerned with actual execution of planning. |
3) | Skills | Top Level requires conceptual or decision making skills than technical skills. | Lower Level requires more technical skills than other skills. |
4) | Promotion Policy | At top Level, promotion is given on merit. | At this level, for promotion seniority ispreferred. |
5) | Time Frame | Top Level considers longer period of time i.e. 5 to 20 years. | It considers very shorter term i.e. up to 1 year. |
6) | Responsibility | Top Level is responsible to Shareholders, Government and Society. | It is responsible to Middle and Top Level Management |
7) | Flow of orders | Orders and instructions are passed to Middle Level. | Implementation is done as per the orders and reports are submitted to Middle Level. |